A (relatively) easy-to-use site with a massive collection of patristic works in Greek. It’s the Patrologia Graeca handily organized by author and then by title — all alphabetical. Hat tip: Jim Davila.

A seminarian friend of mine, Fred, sent me the following article, titled “The Fathers of the Church on Fasting.” It’s timely counsel for this first Friday of Lent, 2008, though it first appeared in the Feb. 18, 1888 edition of The Ave Maria: A Magazine Devoted to the Honor of the Blessed Virgin. There’s no byline on the piece, but it’s copyrighted in the name of Rev. D.E. Hudson, C.S.C.

The following is from a Lenten pastoral of one of the English bishops, published last year. It was out of season when it came under our notice, but the passage seemed so pointed and so forcible that we put it by for reproduction at a future time. A re reading has only confirmed our impression of its excellence. Few, indeed, nowadays set a just value on the practice of fasting, the privileges of which are so real and so precious. The Bishop’s own words, not less than the eloquent passages he quotes, will show that it is one of the principal means of spiritual progress, as well as a remedy against sin and other evils:

The Apostle of the Gentiles did no more than carry on the tradition of penance, in himself setting the example of a life in which he well knew the minister of God ought to take the lead. “In all things let us exhibit ourselves as the ministers of God, in much penance . . . in labors, in watching, and in fastings.” Can there be any doubt that what has always been the spirit of the Church has its source in the will of Our Lord, made known to us, through the interpretation of that will, by those of whom St. John speaks in his first Epistle, in these striking words: “That which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon, and our hands have handled of the Word of Life . . . that which we have seen and heard, we have declared unto you”? And in later times the Doctors of the Church took up and continued the same traditional teaching; and their eloquent words, while they indicate their own practice, were commonly such a panegyric on fasting as to give a very high idea of the esteem in which they held it. “What is fasting,” asks St. Ambrose, “but that which is heavenly, both in meaning and substance? Fasting is the nourishment of the soul, and the food of the mind. Fasting is the life of the angels. Fasting is the death of sin, the destruction of guilt, the remedy of salvation, the source of grace, and the foundation of chastity. By this path God is more easily approached.” The great St. Jerome writes: “Fasting is not merely a perfect virtue: it is the foundation of all the other virtues; it is sanctification, purity, and prudence, – virtues without which no one can see God.” In a discourse upon fasting, St. Peter of Ravenna uses the following beautiful words: “Fasting, a we all know, is God’s fortress, the camp of Jesus Christ, the rampart of the Holy Ghost, the standard of faith, the mark of charity, and the trophy of holiness.” The passages just quoted deal mainly with the virtues which fasting indicates, promotes, and fosters. Let us add the words of some of the Fathers, who speak of it as a remedy against sin and other evils. “Fasting,” says St. Leo, “gives strength against sin, represses evil desires, repels temptation, humbles pride, cools anger, and fosters all the inclinations of a good will, even unto the practice of every virtue.” One Father more, the great St. John Chrysostom, shall give us his authoritative teaching on this important subject: “Fasting purifies the mind, calms the senses, subjects the flesh to the spirit, renders the heart humble and contrite, disperses the clouds of concupiscence, extinguishes the heat of passion, and lights up the fire of chastity.”

How strongly do all these sentiments of the Fathers of the Church contrast with the notions and language of men in the days in which we live! One might almost suppose, at the first glance, that we belonged not only to a different age, but to a different Church. And yet the Church has never ceased, on her part, to inculcate on her children the duty of fasting; and in willing obedience to her, multitudes in every age have sanctified their souls. Open the life of any saint or servant of God, and all of them, in their manifold variety of person and character and holiness, will be found to practice fasting as one of the principal means of their spiritual progress. Yes, the tradition and the practice endure to this day with the children of the Church, and will endure unto the end of time. But it is still true, nevertheless, that the spirit of penance has so far decreased, that a very large and, we fear, an increasing proportion of the faithful, from one cause or another, or without cause at all, fail to observe the law of fasting. It is just possible that so serious a relaxation may have led some to suppose, either that the law is not of strict obligation, or that they at least may with a safe conscience elude it if they can. But the precept of the Church is clear enough. We learned it as children in our Catechism; it is proclaimed yearly for the season of Lent; we know that it has ever been observed; it comes to us hallowed by the example of Our Lord; and we know well that after “the bridegroom was taken away,” the general precept that man should fast has been definitely fixed by the Church for the season of Lent and its forty days, that so we might more nearly imi¬tate our Divine Redeemer. The Church herself was, so to speak, cradles in the rigors of fasting; her Apostles and her first pastors followed her example; and the first observance of this holy season took place in so early an age of her existence, that its beginnings are lost in obscurity. History knows no time when it was not observed; and the Church in all ages has never ceased to proclaim the fast and its obligations, to the utmost limit of her world wide domain.

Remember, that stuff about the Church Fathers and breastfeeding — you read it here first (here and here). But now go ahead and read it at CNS.

The reverence and awe of Catholics who truly believe they are receiving Jesus in the Eucharist should lead them to kneel and receive Communion on their tongues, said a bishop writing in the Vatican newspaper.

“If some nonbeliever arrived and observed such an act of adoration perhaps he, too, would fall down and worship God, declaring ‘God is really in your midst,'”  wrote Auxiliary Bishop Athanasius Schneider of Karaganda, Kazakhstan, quoting from the First Letter to the Corinthians.

In a Jan. 8 article labeled a “historical-liiturgical note,” Bishop Schneider reviewed the writings of early church theologians about Eucharistic reception and said the practice of laypeople receiving Communion on the tongue was the predominant custom by the sixth century.

The article in L’Osservatore Romano appeared under the headline, “Like a nursing child in the arms of the one who nourishes him.”

Bishop Schneider said that just as a baby opens his mouth to receive nourishment from his mother, so should Catholics open their mouths to receive nourishment from Jesus.

“Christ truly nourishes us with his body and blood in holy Communion and, in the patristic era, it was compared to maternal breastfeeding,” he said.

Spend Lent’s opening days with the Fathers at Lectionary Central (an Anglican site). There’s Tertullian on fasting, Chrysostom, Augustine and more Augustine, and a truckload of Leo.

I wish you the joy of this holy season, a prelude to the greater joy of Easter.

Today is the memorial of St. Agatha, patroness of Sicily, the land of my grandparents, and one of the patrons of my parish.

Because of the tortures she endured in martyrdom, St. Agatha is also patroness of women who live with diseases of the breast. PZ, a sometime visitor to this site, has a deep devotion to the third-century martyr. He sent me a prayer card with the saint’s image on front and the following novena on back. Pass it around. Think of it as a deeply traditional version of the pink ribbon.

O glorious Saint Agatha, through whose intercession in Christ I hope for the restored health of body and soul, hasten to lead me to the true Good, God alone. By your intercession, O blessed Agatha, may I ever enjoy your protection by faithfully witnessing to Christ. You invite all who come to you to enjoy the treasure of of communion with the Holy Trinity. Moreover, if it be for God’s greater glory and the good of my person, please intercede for me with the request of [mention request here].

Saint Agatha, you found favor with God by your chastity and by your courage in suffering death for the gospel. Teach me how to suffer with cheerfulness, uniting myself to Christ crucified with a simplicity and purity of heart. Amen.

Saint Agatha, eloquent confessor of Jesus Christ as Savior, pray for me.

Saint Agatha, the martyr who says to Jesus, “possess all that I am,” pray for me.

Saint Agatha, concerned with the welfare of all God’s children, pray for me.

Saint Agatha, pray for me.

Agatha’s story is in Butler, of course, and critically dissected and patristically pedigreed in the old Catholic Encyclopedia. Her images abound at Artcyclopedia.

N.S. Gill, sporting a new look, has posted a nice illustrated series on ancient saints — the Fathers of the Church.

According to Al Ahram, archeologists have turned up another Christian-era necropolis in Egypt. It will be interesting to see what they find.

Deir Al-Banat necropolis, which lies in the southern Fayoum, comprises a series of rock hewn tombs dating from the Graeco-Roman period through to early Christian times. To the north is a well preserved ruin of a mediaeval monastery with a fired brick church at its centre, a mud brick residential area and a refectory where the monks would have communal meals.

Phil has posted a massive Patristics Carnival, thus demonstrating the wild expansion of the patristiblogosphere in the last year or so.

Maureen has posted text, audio, and even sheet music for the ancient lamp-lighting hymn, the Phos Hilarion. This is the first I’ve heard it chanted in the original Greek.

While you’re surfing for dead languages, check out these Latin fragments from Ambrose, Augustine, Bede, (Ps.)Hegesippus, Isidore, Jerome, and others. Hat tip: Roger Pearse.